Abstract: The author begins with the well-known words of Malraux – “The XXIst century will be religious or will not be at all”. He attempts to read the signs of religious rebirth today as the “religious issue” is now of increasing importance. The phenomena is to be noticed in post-Soviet countries such as Poland and Romania as well as in the Islam. The Return of the Sacred that the international politics should care for, polarizes the spirits between ecumenism and fundamentalism, between dialogue and exclusivism. Though animated with the will for unity, the ecumenism can’t be syncretic, levelling and relativist as proven by certain contemporary scientific methodologies. The solutions for unity are difficult due to cultural differences, but, the catholicity of the Church, even if traditionally accepted in the faith of the One, Holy, Catholic and Apostolic Church, can be appropriated by God’s people, being able to overcome the limits of the Catholic Church as an institution/confession.

Keywords: catholicity, religious rebirth, ecumenism, syncretism, Church